| Characteristics | Details |
|---|---|
| Generic Name | Glyburide and Metformin |
| Formulation | Tablet |
| Available Dosages | 1.25 mg/250 mg, 2.5 mg/500 mg, 5 mg/500 mg |
| Administration | Oral |
| Pharmacological Class | Antidiabetic Combination |
| Learn More About Glucovance | |
Pharmacokinetics
Glucovance is an oral antidiabetic agent combining glyburide and metformin. Glyburide, a sulfonylurea, stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. Metformin, a biguanide, improves insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic glucose production. These actions synergize to control blood glucose levels.
Glyburide’s absorption occurs rapidly with a bioavailability of 50-70%. It binds extensively to plasma proteins and undergoes hepatic metabolism. Metformin, absorbed mainly in the small intestine, is excreted unchanged in urine. Its bioavailability stands at 50-60%. Together, these drugs work effectively to manage type 2 diabetes.
Correct Use
Glucovance should be taken with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Dosages are adjusted based on glycemic control and tolerance. Initial doses typically start low to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia. Regular monitoring of blood glucose is crucial to ensure optimal dosing.
Patients must adhere to prescribed regimens and maintain consistent meal patterns. Skipping doses or meals may lead to inadequate glucose control or hypoglycemia. Proper administration ensures the therapeutic potential of Glucovance.
Warnings & Precautions
Patients with renal impairment require cautious dosing. Metformin may lead to lactic acidosis, especially in those with compromised kidney function. Regular renal function assessments are advised. The use of Glucovance is contraindicated in individuals with severe kidney disease.
Alcohol use should be limited, as it can potentiate the hypoglycemic and lactic acidosis risk. Elderly patients might need dose adjustments due to renal function decline with age. Monitoring is essential in this demographic.
Cautions with Other Medicines
Drug interactions can alter the effectiveness of Glucovance. Cimetidine may increase metformin levels, requiring monitoring and possible dose adjustment. Certain medications like beta-blockers can mask hypoglycemia symptoms, necessitating careful monitoring.
Other antidiabetic agents or diuretics can also interact. Healthcare professionals should review all concurrent medications to mitigate adverse effects and ensure comprehensive diabetes management.
Toxicity
Overdose may lead to hypoglycemia or lactic acidosis. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion, and sweating. Lactic acidosis presents as muscle pain, respiratory distress, and malaise. Immediate medical attention is required if overdose is suspected.
Patients should be educated on signs of overdose and advised to seek help promptly. Close monitoring and adherence to dosing can prevent such incidents.
In summary, Glucovance offers a potent combination for managing type 2 diabetes. Understanding its pharmacokinetics, correct use, and precautions ensures safe and effective treatment. Regular monitoring and awareness of interactions and potential toxicity are vital for optimal outcomes.